Heredity and Evolution/ Molecular Genetics Lab #6 - Molecular Biology
How does bacterial transfomation using a restriction endonnuclease occur? What is the size of the fragment formed by a specific endonuclease?
Summary: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is the molecule of life. It is composed of a nucleotide, made up of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. Their can be 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. Adenine will always pair with Thymine and Guanine always pairs with Cytosine. Thus %A=%T and %G=%C. It is the order of the nitrogen bases that give each individual their own unique look, since DNA is transcribed and translated into proteins which eventually give an organism its look or phenotype.
Vocabulary words and definitions
Plasmids-Ring of bacterial DNA that carries genes separate from the main chromosome.
Conjugation
bacterial transformation: exchange of genetic information
bacterial trasduction
restriction endonucleases. Restriction Endonucleases: The enzymes that cut up DNA strands to prevent foreign DNA from altering the DNA of the cell
Transduction
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
Mitosis
Gametes - A sexual reproduction cell. A haploid cell with a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Somatic cells - Most cells. Any cell that is not a gamete
Autosomes - Any of the chromosomes that don't determine the sex of the organism
How does bacterial transfomation using a restriction endonnuclease occur? What is the size of the fragment formed by a specific endonuclease?
Summary: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is the molecule of life. It is composed of a nucleotide, made up of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. Their can be 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. Adenine will always pair with Thymine and Guanine always pairs with Cytosine. Thus %A=%T and %G=%C. It is the order of the nitrogen bases that give each individual their own unique look, since DNA is transcribed and translated into proteins which eventually give an organism its look or phenotype.
Vocabulary words and definitions
Plasmids-Ring of bacterial DNA that carries genes separate from the main chromosome.
Conjugation
bacterial transformation: exchange of genetic information
bacterial trasduction
restriction endonucleases.
Restriction Endonucleases: The enzymes that cut up DNA strands to prevent foreign DNA from altering the DNA of the cell
Transduction
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
Mitosis
Gametes - A sexual reproduction cell. A haploid cell with a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Somatic cells - Most cells. Any cell that is not a gamete
Autosomes - Any of the chromosomes that don't determine the sex of the organism
Budding
Centrosomes
Tetrads
Sex Linked Genes
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Map units
Nondisjuction
DNA helicase
Bacteriophages
People and their experiments